The term horse slaughter refers exclusively to the killing horses for human consumption. Further details may exist on the, Bencao Gangmu: Compendium of Materia Medica, tr. [141] Thus, the genetic line was lost. [34], Height is not the sole criterion for distinguishing horses from ponies. Since the Han Dynasty, the twelve Earthly Branches have been used to record the time of day. [150] With rare exceptions, most hybrids are sterile and cannot reproduce.[151]. As you might remember, we should have been together in early September 2020 in the marvelous city of Porto Porto is the place to be in 2022! ", "Frequently Asked Questions About Hippotherapy", "Equine Facilitated Psychotherapy (EFP) Fact Sheet", "Partners, Horse and Man, in Prison Pasture", "A Good Life for Horses at the Duchess Sanctuary", "House votes to outlaw slaughter of horses for human consumption", "Pasture and Hay for Horses Agronomy Facts 32", "Ancient horse bone yields oldest DNA sequence", History of the horse in the Indian subcontinent, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Horse&oldid=1123308342, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the New International Encyclopedia, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 23 November 2022, at 01:33. They reach full adult development by age five, and have an average lifespan of between 25 and 30years. [32], The Domestic Animal Diversity Information System (DAD-IS) of the FAO listed 189 breeds of ass in June 2011. [citation needed]. [125] By about 5million years ago, the modern Equus had evolved. The 73rd annual meeting of EAAP: EAAP2022, will be a unique opportunity to add work with pleasure and restart [94], Studies have indicated that horses perform a number of cognitive tasks on a daily basis, meeting mental challenges that include food procurement and identification of individuals within a social system. It had 4toes on each front foot, and 3toes on each back foot. about scientific achievements in livestock production all around the world. [citation needed], The Bulgar calendar used from the 2nd century[28] and that has been only partially reconstructed uses a similar sixty-year cycle of twelve animal-named years groups which are:[29], The Old Mongol calendar uses the Mouse, the Ox, the Leopard, the Hare, the Crocodile, the Serpent, the Horse, the Sheep, the Monkey, the Hen, the Dog and the Hog.[30]. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System (DAD-IS). Salt Lake City Info. [6] Thus it is usual to wait one or two further oestrous cycles before rebreeding, unlike the practice with mares. These individuals also often pose as good homes to owners looking to rehome their beloved equine partner, and later sell the animals to abattoirs in Canada and Mexico. [211] Both live horses and iconic images of horses are used in advertising to promote a variety of products. [26] The first to reach North America may have been two animals taken to Mexico by Juan de Zumrraga, the first bishop of Mexico, who arrived there on 6 December 1528, while the first donkeys to reach what is now the United States may have crossed the Rio Grande with Juan de Oate in April 1598. [213] The mythologies of many cultures, including Greco-Roman, Hindu, Islamic, and Norse, include references to both normal horses and those with wings or additional limbs, and multiple myths also call upon the horse to draw the chariots of the Moon and Sun. The hybrid between a jack and a mare is a mule, valued as a working and riding animal in many countries. Horses are hindgut fermenters. Horses have been used in the 21st century by the Janjaweed militias in the War in Darfur. Looking at data from 2012 to 2016, an average of 137,000 American horses were trucked over our borders each year to slaughter facilities in Mexico and Canada. A recent peer-reviewed study found that 79% of slaughtered horses had excessive bruising from transport-related injuries, and the USDAs own inspection documents revealed similar gruesome injuries when horse slaughter plants were operating in the U.S. [60] A significant difference between the horse skeleton and that of a human is the lack of a collarbonethe horse's forelimbs are attached to the spinal column by a powerful set of muscles, tendons, and ligaments that attach the shoulder blade to the torso. The Dragon explained that it had to stop by a village and brought rain for all the people, and therefore it was held back. [68] Horses do not have a gallbladder; however, they seem to tolerate high amounts of fat in their diet despite lack of a gallbladder. WebClydesdale Horse Society Annual General Meeting April 2023. With combined efforts, they managed to arrive to the other side. [167][168] Studies of feral herds have provided useful insights into the behavior of prehistoric horses,[169] as well as greater understanding of the instincts and behaviors that drive horses that live in domesticated conditions. [116] However, if a horse is never allowed to lie down, after several days it will become sleep-deprived, and in rare cases may suddenly collapse as it involuntarily slips into REM sleep while still standing. Many sports, such as dressage, eventing, and show jumping, have origins in military training, which were focused on control and balance of both horse and rider. [236] They can consume approximately 2% to 2.5% of their body weight in dry feed each day. It contains 2.7 billion DNA base pairs,[39] which is larger than the dog genome, but smaller than the human genome or the bovine genome. [25], By the end of the fourth millennium BC, the donkey had spread to Southwest Asia, and the main breeding centre had shifted to Mesopotamia by 1800 BC. In Chinese mythology, a story tells that the cat was tricked by the Rat so it could not go to the banquet. One of the oldest species is Equus simplicidens, described as zebra-like with a donkey-shaped head. [182] The American Horse Council estimates that horse-related activities have a direct impact on the economy of the United States of over $39 billion, and when indirect spending is considered, the impact is over $102 billion. Two major sources of information are used to determine where and when the horse was first domesticated and how the domesticated horse spread around the world. [37], Horses have 64 chromosomes. The four clusters represent the four cardinal directions (north, south, east, west). Most domesticated horses begin training under a saddle or in a harness between the ages of two and four. These topics will be filled with innovation and recent [81], Horses have an advanced sense of taste, which allows them to sort through fodder and choose what they would most like to eat,[82] and their prehensile lips can easily sort even small grains. All other modern forms including the domesticated horse (and many fossil Pliocene and Pleistocene forms) belong to the subgenus E. (Equus) which diverged ~4.8 (3.26.5) million years ago. [175] In the 14th century, Carthusian monks of southern Spain kept meticulous pedigrees of bloodstock lineages still found today in the Andalusian horse. In the United States, it is commonly applied to the feral donkeys that live west of the Rocky Mountains;[16] it may also refer to any small donkey. Horses are raw material for many products made by humans throughout history, including byproducts from the slaughter of horses as well as materials collected from living horses. The subspecies was presumed extinct in the wild between 1969 and 1992, while a small breeding population survived in zoos around the world. [8] The oldest verifiable record was "Old Billy", a 19th-century horse that lived to the age of 62. These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated. Notably, communities with experience hosting horse slaughter facilities do not want them back: Texas and Illinois have enacted laws that specifically ban selling, giving and possessing horse meat intended for human consumption. More than 15 000 national breed populations (representing more than 8 800 breeds and about 40 species) from 182 countries are recorded. The estrous cycle of a mare occurs roughly every 1922 days and occurs from early spring into autumn. [177] Heavy draft horses were developed out of a need to perform demanding farm work and pull heavy wagons. [31][32], In the Persian version of the Eastern zodiac brought by Mongols during the Middle Ages, the Chinese word lng and Mongol word l (Dragon) was translated as nahang meaning "water beast", and may refer to any dangerous aquatic animal both mythical and real (crocodiles, hippos, sharks, sea serpents, etc.). The rapid increase is attributed to attention paid to identification and recognition of donkey breeds by the FAO's Animal Genetic Resources project. ), International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, Domestication of the Donkey: Timing, Processes, and Indicators, The genomic history and global expansion of domestic donkeys, "Usage of 17 specific names based on wild species which are pre-dated by or contemporary with those based on domestic animals (Lepidoptera, Osteichthyes, Mammalia): conserved. It is believed to play a key role in the social interactions of horses as well as detecting other key scents in the environment. Domestication of the horse most likely took place in central Asia prior to 3500 BCE. [74], Their sense of smell, while much better than that of humans, is not quite as good as that of a dog. The fourth trine consists of the Rabbit, Goat, and Pig. The first donkeys came to the Americas on ships of the Second Voyage of Christopher Columbus, and were landed at Hispaniola in 1495. CITES report delves into global wildlife trade November 23, 2022. However, through selective breeding, some breeds of horses are quite docile, particularly certain draft horses. [136][137] There are additional animals still maintained at zoos throughout the world. Therefore, a 450-kilogram (990lb) adult horse could eat up to 11 kilograms (24lb) of food. These inherited traits result from a combination of natural crosses and artificial selection methods. Horse bones from this time period, the late Pleistocene, are found in Europe, Eurasia, Beringia, and North America. As soon as it had done so, a galloping sound was heard, and the Horse appeared. Historically, Lan Na (Kingdom around Northern Thailand) also replace pig with Elephant. C heltenham and Bangor-on-Dee, the venues for ITV Racings five-race schedule on Friday, are subject to inspections at 7.30am and 8am respectively. Luo Xiwen, Foreign Languages Press, 2003, p.4124, . Horses excel at simple learning, but also are able to use more advanced cognitive abilities that involve categorization and concept learning. [109] The cold-blooded group also includes some pony breeds. The tanuki, leopard, and tiger are combined under the zodiacal sign of the tiger.[6][7]. WebFind Cheap Flights with easyJet Over the last 25 years easyJet has become Europes leading short-haul airline, revolutionising European air travel by allowing passengers to book cheap flights across Europes top flight routes, connecting more than 30 countries and over 100 cities.Were not only committed to providing low-cost flight tickets, but also providing a In 2011, the year of the Rabbit, that person is one year older. Feeding program to resume for Florida manatees November 22, 2022. Different people born under each animal sign supposedly have different personalities, and practitioners of Chinese astrology consult such traditional details and compatibilities to offer putative guidance in life or for love and marriage.[13]. The Tibetan calendar replaces the Rooster with the bird. ), Pearson, R.A.; E. Nengomasha; R. Krecek (1999), Aluja, Aline S. de; Francisco Lpez; Graciela Tapia Prez (2004). Thoroughbred is a specific breed of horse, while a "purebred" is a horse (or any other animal) with a defined pedigree recognized by a breed registry. Modern Thai are changed back into pig, but the name (gun) which was meant elephant are still stuck as zodiac pronunciation [27], The Gurung zodiac in Nepal includes a Cow instead of Ox, Cat instead of Rabbit, Eagle instead of Dragon (Loong), Bird instead of Rooster, and Deer instead of Pig. 2732,was introduced in Congress and it has a growing, bipartisan cosponsor list. If one's astrologer wishes to prepare an astrological chart (aka horoscope), it is essential they know the animal and element of one's day of birth. [35] Conversely, some pony breeds may have features in common with horses, and individual animals may occasionally mature at over 14.2hands (58inches, 147cm), but are still considered to be ponies. Some horses, both male and female, will also develop one to four very small vestigial teeth in front of the molars, known as "wolf" teeth, which are generally removed because they can interfere with the bit. [197] Search and rescue organizations in some countries depend upon mounted teams to locate people, particularly hikers and children, and to provide disaster relief assistance. 15th April 2023 Kilmaurs Show 29th April 2023 Dundonald Show May 2023 10th - 13th May 2023 Balmoral Show. [240] Although horses are adapted to live outside, they require shelter from the wind and precipitation, which can range from a simple shed or shelter to an elaborate stable. Another folk story tells that the Rat deceived the Ox into letting it jump on its back, in order for the Ox to hear the Rat sing,[17] before jumping off at the finish line and finishing first. Horses bound for slaughter (who may include pregnant mares, foals and horses who are injured or blind) are commonly and legally shipped for more than 24 hours at a time in crowded trucks without food, water or rest. These three signs are said to possess endurance and application, with slow accumulation of energy, meticulous at planning but tending to hold fixed opinions. [40] The map is available to researchers. [170], There are also semi-feral horses in many parts of the world, such as Dartmoor and the New Forest in the UK, where the animals are all privately owned but live for significant amounts of time in "wild" conditions on undeveloped, often public, lands. Murrah Horse, Zoo Animals, Animal funny videos. [174] These pedigrees were originally transmitted via an oral tradition. Nashville Info. By about 15,000 years ago, Equus ferus was a widespread holarctic species. [208] Horses are also used to preserve cultural traditions and for ceremonial purposes. [64], Donkeys have also been used to carry explosives in conflicts that include the war in Afghanistan and others.[65][66]. From stimulating scientific sessions, invigorating career and personal development [219] The benefits of equestrian activity for people with disabilities has also been recognized with the addition of equestrian events to the Paralympic Games and recognition of para-equestrian events by the International Federation for Equestrian Sports (FEI). The term was once used to refer to breeds of light riding horse other than Thoroughbreds or Arabians, such as the Morgan horse. The genus appears to have spread quickly into the Old World, with the similarly aged Equus livenzovensis documented from western Europe and Russia. [77], In some areas domestic donkeys have returned to the wild and established feral populations such as those of the burro of North America and the Asinara donkey of Sardinia, Italy, both of which have protected status. These three signs are said to seek true love, to pursue humanitarian causes, to be idealistic and independent but tending to be impulsive. Furthermore, you can find the contact information of all National Coordinators for the Management of Animal Genetic Resources. They can weigh from about 700 to 1,000 kilograms (1,540 to 2,200lb). A professional will likely have tools for such a calculator on hand, but many online calculators that feature all four animals will also provide an accurate chart. Their leg bones are proportioned differently from those of a human. Suddenly, from a distance came a thumping sound, and the Rabbit arrived. Although it should have been the best swimmer and runner, it spent its time to play in the water. For example, mounted police horses are still effective for certain types of patrol duties and crowd control. [102], "Hot blooded" breeds include "oriental horses" such as the Akhal-Teke, Arabian horse, Barb, and now-extinct Turkoman horse, as well as the Thoroughbred, a breed developed in England from the older oriental breeds. The membership terms for these vacancies will be for 36 months. WebPeter Albert David Singer AC (born 6 July 1946) is an Australian moral philosopher, currently the Ira W. DeCamp Professor of Bioethics at Princeton University.He specialises in applied ethics and approaches ethical issues from a secular, utilitarian perspective. One trainer believes that "intelligent" horses are reflections of intelligent trainers who effectively use response conditioning techniques and positive reinforcement to train in the style that best fits with an individual animal's natural inclinations. Being an audacious and courageous people, Portuguese never give up, and so, we are delighted to inform you we The group originated in China, wherein the 36 were divided into four clusters, with each cluster made up of nine animal-deity pairs. The distinction between a horse and pony is commonly drawn on the basis of height, especially for competition purposes. Stallions and geldings have four additional teeth just behind the incisors, a type of canine teeth called "tushes". Establishing and sustainingeffective livestock breeding programmesare still major challenges for many countries. The foregoing terms generally refer to hybrids produced by breeding a male zebra to a female donkey. 80,70, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Chinese Zodiac and Chinese Year Animals", "Animals of the Thai Zodiac and the Twelve Year Cycle", The gibbon in China: an essay in Chinese animal lore, "What is Your Chinese Zodiac Sign and Chinese Horoscope Zodiac Birth Chart? Web(3) If an animal is properly excluded. [100] They are sometimes nicknamed "gentle giants". Since then, the world population of donkeys is reported to be rapidly shrinking, falling from 43.7 million to 43.5 million between 1995 and 2000, and to only 41 million in 2006. Many Chinese astrologers consider the month pillar to be the most important one in determining the circumstances of one's adult life. The following table shows the 60-year cycle matched up to the Gregorian calendar for the years 19242043 (see sexagenary cycle article for years 18042043). [235], Horses are grazing animals, and their major source of nutrients is good-quality forage from hay or pasture. In this way, the program will cover various areas of knowledge, such as nutrition, genetics, physiology, Approximately 5 million horses are slaughtered each year for meat worldwide. To make up for it, we will organize a vast excellent, and of course unforgettable, social program throughout The Chinese zodiac features decans in the form of thirty-six calendar animals (Sanjroku Kingyz ; alternatively known as the Chikusan Reiki ). Opinion 2027 (Case 3010)", "Ascent and decline of monodactyl equids: a case for prehistoric overkill", "Evolution, systematics, and phylogeography of Pleistocene horses in the New World: a molecular perspective", Ancient DNA from Nubian and Somali wild ass provides insights into donkey ancestry and domestication, "Egyptian Tomb Holds First Known Domesticated Donkeys", Regional and World trends in Donkey Populations, "DAD-IS Domestic Animal Diversity Information System", Biodiversity and Local Ecological Knowledge in France, "Why are donkeys facing their 'biggest ever crisis'? [88] Ambling gaits are often genetic in some breeds, known collectively as gaited horses. Jennies are usually very protective of their foals, and some will not come into estrus while they have a foal at side. The roles and values of animal genetic resources remain diverse, particularly with regard to thelivelihoods of poor people. The ASPCA is at the forefront of addressing risks on the ground, but such negative outcomes will persist so long as American horses are shipped across our borders for meat. ", "World's donkeys being 'decimated' by demand for Chinese medicine", "Chinese trade in hides has led to global donkey massacre", "Sewell, Sybil E. "Foaling out the Donkey Jennet,", "Rachau, Jeanine A. [67] While there is no marked structural difference between the gastro-intestinal tract of a donkey and that of a horse, the digestion of the donkey is more efficient. [71] The reasons for this difference are not fully understood; the donkey may have different intestinal flora to the horse, or a longer gut retention time. Horses spend four to fifteen hours a day in standing rest, and from a few minutes to several hours lying down. Heidi von Liebenstein, of the 100 block of Crest Avenue in Bethlehem, is now facing criminal charges, accused of a level of neglect the Pennsylvania SPCA says rose to animal cruelty. Right when the Emperor was going to end the race, an "oink" sound was heard: it was the Pig. The last EAAP meeting held in Portugal was in 1987. All early Japanese emoji sets had at least one suitable pictograph for each Eastern zodiac. [144] Similarly, the Sorraia of Portugal was proposed as a direct descendant of the Tarpan on the basis of shared characteristics,[145][146] but genetic studies have shown that the Sorraia is more closely related to other horse breeds, and that the outward similarity is an unreliable measure of relatedness. hope to welcome a new record braking number of participants worldwide. The lower leg bones of a horse correspond to the bones of the human hand or foot, and the fetlock (incorrectly called the "ankle") is actually the proximal sesamoid bones between the cannon bones (a single equivalent to the human metacarpal or metatarsal bones) and the proximal phalanges, located where one finds the "knuckles" of a human. [181], Worldwide, horses play a role within human cultures and have done so for millennia. The full report is available here: English | Espaol. Some suggest that a donkey needs to be fed only straw (preferably barley straw), supplemented with controlled grazing in the summer or hay in the winter,[73] to get all the energy, protein, fat and vitamins it requires; others recommend some grain to be fed, particularly to working animals,[6] and others advise against feeding straw. Countries such as the United Kingdom still use horse-drawn carriages to convey royalty and other VIPs to and from certain culturally significant events. WebORS 2023: Where science and community meet. He is known in particular for his book Animal Liberation (1975), in which he argues in favour of veganism, The Przewalski's horse (Equus ferus przewalskii), named after the Russian explorer Nikolai Przhevalsky, is a rare Asian animal. It explained how it crossed the river: by jumping from one stone to another, in a nimble fashion. Humans provide domesticated horses with food, water, and shelter as well as attention from specialists such as veterinarians and farriers. The Korean zodiac includes the Sheep (yang) instead of the Goat (which would be yeomso), although the Chinese source of the loanword yang may refer to any goat-antelope. [113] Strictly speaking, the term "warm blood" refers to any cross between cold-blooded and hot-blooded breeds. : Oregon couple revives prehistoric Tarpan horses", "The Origins of Iberian Horses Assessed via Mitochondrial DNA", "Ancient DNA reveals traces of Iberian Neolithic and Bronze Age lineages in modern Iberian horses", "Befuddling Birth: The Case of the Mule's Foal", "Horsey-aeology, Binary Black Holes, Tracking Red Tides, Fish Re-evolution, Walk Like a Man, Fact or Fiction", "Scientists found modern domestic horses' homeland in southwestern Russia", "The origins and spread of domestic horses from the Western Eurasian steppes", "Horse Domestication and Conservation Genetics of Przewalski's Horse Inferred from Sex Chromosomal and Autosomal Sequences", "Limited number of patrilines in horse domestication", "Ancient DNA provides new insights into the origin of the Chinese domestic horse", "Coat Color Variation at the Beginning of Horse Domestication", "Bridling Horse Power: The Domestication of the Horse", "Mares' Social Bonds Might Enhance Reproductive Success", "Most Comprehensive Horse Study Ever Reveals A Nearly $40 Billion Impact On The U.S. Economy", "Tiger tops dog as world's favourite animal", "In the Winner's Circle: The History of Equestrian Sports", "Volunteer Mounted Search and Rescue Unit", "The Earliest Horseback Riding and its Relation to Chariotry and Warfare", "In Sudan, Militiamen on Horses Uproot a Million", "Anheuser-Busch gives face time to Budweiser Clydesdales", "Trademark Horse Horses as advertising mediums", "Cars with Horse Logos: How Many of Them do You Know? : 1 It was domesticated in Africa some 50007000 years ago,: 2 : 3715 and has been used mainly as The person's age can also be easily deduced from the sign of the person, the current sign of the year and the person's perceived age (teens, mid-20s, 40s and so on). In the latter case it is the center of the period; for instance, (Horse) means noon as well as a period from 11:00 to 13:00. They can meet their nutritional needs on 6 to 7 hours of grazing per day on average dryland pasture that is not stressed by drought. Thus, a horse described as "15.2 h" is 15 hands plus 2inches, for a total of 62 inches (157.5cm) in height. The three are said to be intelligent, magnanimous, charismatic, charming, authoritative, confident, eloquent, and artistic, but can be manipulative, jealous, selfish, aggressive, vindictive, and deceitful. [244] Regular grooming is also helpful to help the horse maintain good health of the hair coat and underlying skin. It allows you to analyse the diversity of livestock breeds on national, regional and global levels including the status of breeds regarding their risk of extinction. More than 15 000 national breed populations (representing more than 8 800 breeds and about 40 species) from 182 countries are recorded. Go to Public Meeting Notices November 22, 2022 This message is being sent as a public service on behalf of the United States Department of Agriculture. Though exports have been dropping in recent years, tens of thousands of American equines continue to be shipped to slaughter across our borders annually. [citation needed], The Vietnamese zodiac varies from the Chinese zodiac with the second animal being the Water Buffalo instead of the Ox, and the fourth animal being the Cat instead of the Rabbit. [30] The number of breeds and percentage of world population for each of the FAO's world regions was in 2006:[28], In 1997 the number of donkeys in the world was reported to be continuing to grow, as it had steadily done throughout most of history; factors cited as contributing to this were increasing human population, progress in economic development and social stability in some poorer nations, conversion of forests to farm and range land, rising prices of motor vehicles and fuel, and the popularity of donkeys as pets. The following are the twelve zodiac signs in order, each with its associated characteristics (Earthly Branch, yin/yang force, Trine, and nature element).[5]. Their first reaction to a threat is to startle and usually flee, although they will stand their ground and defend themselves when flight is impossible or if their young are threatened. Most donkeys have dorsal and shoulder stripes, primitive markings which form a distinctive cross pattern on their backs. This is why the cat is ultimately not part of the Chinese zodiac. [112] Warmbloods are considered a "light horse" or "riding horse". [62] The horse hoof begins with the distal phalanges, the equivalent of the human fingertip or tip of the toe, surrounded by cartilage and other specialized, blood-rich soft tissues such as the laminae. The most sensitive areas are around the eyes, ears, and nose. [63] The result is that a horse, weighing on average 500 kilograms (1,100lb),[64] travels on the same bones as would a human on tiptoe. [28] In the past, donkey skin was used in the production of parchment. [107] Well-known draft breeds include the Belgian and the Clydesdale. Most historians agree that the cat is not included, as they had not yet been introduced to China from India with the arrival of Buddhism. [57], A few donkeys are milked or raised for meat. [citation needed], The Japanese zodiac includes the Sheep (hitsuji) instead of the Goat (which would be yagi), and the Wild boar (inoshishi, i) instead of the Pig (buta). Then, on its way to the finish, it saw the helpless Rabbit clinging onto a log, so it did a good deed and gave a puff of breath to the poor creature so that it could land on the shore. A related hybrid, a hinny, is a cross between a stallion and a "jenny" (female donkey). There is an extensive, specialized vocabulary used to describe equine-related concepts, covering everything from anatomy to life stages, size, colors, markings, breeds, locomotion, and behavior. [72] Horses have excellent day and night vision, but they have two-color, or dichromatic vision; their color vision is somewhat like red-green color blindness in humans, where certain colors, especially red and related colors, appear as a shade of green. Ponies are taxonomically the same animals as horses. [166] However, the lack of a detectable substructure in the horse has resulted in a rejection of both hypotheses. [188] Many horses are also driven, which requires a harness, bridle, and some type of vehicle. [28] The record holder for the smallest horse ever is Thumbelina, a fully mature miniature horse affected by dwarfism. In the year 2021, approximately 23,000 American horses were trucked over our borders to be slaughtered for human consumption. [59] Asses' milk may command good prices: the average price in Italy in 2009 was 15 per litre,[60] and a price of 6 per 100 ml was reported from Croatia in 2008; it is used for soaps and cosmetics as well as dietary purposes. While working donkeys are often associated with those living at or below subsistence, small numbers of donkeys or asses are kept for breeding or as pets in developed countries. [45][46], A jenny is normally pregnant for about 12 months, though the gestation period varies from 11 to 14 months,[6][47] and usually gives birth to a single foal. [36], In 2019, The Donkey Sanctuary warned that the global donkey population could be reduced by half over the next half decade as the demand for ejiao increases in China. The annual meeting has something for every career stage and research interest. By the second millennium BC, the donkey was brought to Europe, possibly at the same time as viticulture was introduced, as the donkey is associated with the Syrian god of wine, Dionysus. She was 43cm (17in) tall and weighed 26kg (57lb).[29][30]. [24], The size of horses varies by breed, but also is influenced by nutrition. The Cat and the Rat were not good at swimming, but they were both quite intelligent. [81] The lower progesterone production of the jenny may also lead to early embryonic loss. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55million years from a small multi-toed creature, Eohippus, into the large, single-toed animal of today. [103] They tend to be physically refinedthin-skinned, slim, and long-legged. [97], Domesticated horses may face greater mental challenges than wild horses, because they live in artificial environments that prevent instinctive behavior whilst also learning tasks that are not natural. [233] Specifically, in Italian cuisine, the horse tibia is sharpened into a probe called a spinto, which is used to test the readiness of a (pig) ham as it cures. Originating from China, the zodiac and its variations remain popular in many East Asian and Southeast Asian countries, such as Japan,[1] South Korea,[2] Vietnam,[2] Cambodia,[3] Singapore, Nepal, Bhutan and Thailand.[4]. Greeks spread both of these to many of their colonies, including those in what are now Italy, France and Spain; Romans dispersed them throughout their empire.[24]. In addition, there are reasons not directly related to reproductive biology. Cite error: There are tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page). [29] Some researchers believe the actual number may be somewhat higher since many donkeys go uncounted. Zebrinnies are rarer than zedonkies because female zebras in captivity are most valuable when used to produce full-blooded zebras. The height is expressed as the number of full hands, followed by a point, then the number of additional inches, and ending with the abbreviation "h" or "hh" (for "hands high"). For example, the Riwoche horse of Tibet was proposed as such,[137] but testing did not reveal genetic differences from domesticated horses. [citation needed] Feral donkeys can also cause problems, notably in environments that have evolved free of any form of equid, such as Hawaii. [192], Horse racing is an equestrian sport and major international industry, watched in almost every nation of the world. All that remains of them in modern horses is a set of small vestigial bones on the leg below the knee,[125] known informally as splint bones. An early example of people who practiced selective horse breeding were the Bedouin, who had a reputation for careful practices, keeping extensive pedigrees of their Arabian horses and placing great value upon pure bloodlines. scientific results leading animal production in the right path. [49], Gestation lasts approximately 340days, with an average range 320370 days,[50] and usually results in one foal; twins are rare. There are around 8800 livestock breeds of 38 different species in the world, providing a diversity of products and services. After the Derby, Animal Kingdom finished second in the Preakness Stakes and sixth in the Belmont Stakes Resources; STUDENT BENEFITS; ANNUAL TWS STUDENT CONCLAVE; LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE; November 28, 2022. They are sometimes featured as a major character in films about particular animals, but also used as visual elements that assure the accuracy of historical stories. The Muscat or Yemen ass was developed in Arabia. STUDENT CHAPTERS. [57] Although Thoroughbred race horses are put on the track as young as the age of two in some countries,[58] horses specifically bred for sports such as dressage are generally not put under saddle until they are three or four years old, because their bones and muscles are not solidly developed. Despite horse slaughters end within the U.S., the underground industry continues to prey on horse owners, trainers, businesses, and adoption organizations throughout the country. [27] From that time on they spread northward, finding use in missions and mines. The Farmer Equity Report outlines the key challenges facing socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers in California and recommendations for CDFA to address these challenges. The years were given to them in the order they had arrived. [19] Since 1873, the Japanese have celebrated the beginning of the new year on 1 January as per the Gregorian calendar. Often, a horse is classified first by its coat color, before breed or sex. This number includes around 27million working animals in Africa alone. Related to this need to flee from predators in the wild is an unusual trait: horses are able to sleep both standing up and lying down, with younger horses tending to sleep significantly more than adults. They were produced at a breeding center at Nagar (modern Tell Brak) and were sold or given as gifts throughout the region, where they became significant status symbols, pulling battle wagons and the chariots of kings, and also being sacrificed to bury with high-status people. Specific terms and specialized language are used to describe equine anatomy, different life stages, and colors and breeds. Horses are not ruminants, they have only one stomach, like humans, but unlike humans, they can use cellulose, a major component of grass. This is a Year of Water Tiger, starting from the 2022 Chinese New Year on Feb. 1 and lasting to 2023 Lunar New Years Eve on Jan. 21. However, some of the animals in the zodiac may differ by country. WebFind the latest sports news and articles on the NFL, MLB, NBA, NHL, NCAA college football, NCAA college basketball and more at ABC News. Musks brain implant firm investigated over animal tests. They are bred for agility and speed. Instead of months, this calendar is divided into 24 two-week segments known as Solar Terms. [185], Horses are trained to be ridden or driven in a variety of sporting competitions. Horse slaughter is NOT humane euthanasia. Until this practice is banned and Congress passes a law against slaughter here in the U.S., no horse is safe. Other sports, such as rodeo, developed from practical skills such as those needed on working ranches and stations. It is said that this is the reason cats always hunt rats and also hate water as well. Temperatures Bactrian Camels- An Invaluable Resource of the Gobi Desert, Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia, Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean, Regional Office for the Near East and North Africa. [6] Donkeys can also breed with zebras, in which case the offspring is called a zonkey (among other names). A horse kept alone will not sleep well because its instincts are to keep a constant eye out for danger. The largest is The Donkey Sanctuary near Sidmouth, England, which also supports donkey welfare projects in Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Kenya, and Mexico. [245], Domesticated four-footed mammal from the equine family, pharmaceuticals extracted from the urine of pregnant mares, International Federation for Equestrian Sports, "Usage of 17 specific names based on wild species which are pre-dated by or contemporary with those based on domestic animals (Lepidoptera, Osteichthyes, Mammalia): conserved. Donkeys were probably first domesticated by pastoral people in Nubia, and they supplanted the ox as the chief pack animal of that culture. Within the Four Pillars, the month is the pillar representing information about the person's parents or childhood. We welcome you and wish you an unforgettable stay in our country! Soyombo and several Buddhist, Tengrist, and Chinese zodiac symbols in a wall mosaic. [104] The original oriental breeds were brought to Europe from the Middle East and North Africa when European breeders wished to infuse these traits into racing and light cavalry horses. Below are lists of the top 10 contributors to committees that have raised at least $1,000,000 and are primarily formed to support or oppose a state ballot measure or a candidate for state office in the November 2022 general election. [203], Horses have been used in warfare for most of recorded history. The traditional standard for height of a horse or a pony at maturity is 14.2hands (58inches, 147cm). [35], In 2017, a drop in the number of Chinese donkeys, combined with the fact that they are slow to reproduce, meant that Chinese suppliers began to look to Africa. [93] However, when confined with insufficient companionship, exercise, or stimulation, individuals may develop stable vices, an assortment of bad habits, mostly stereotypies of psychological origin, that include wood chewing, wall kicking, "weaving" (rocking back and forth), and other problems. [239], Horses require a plentiful supply of clean water, a minimum of 38 to 45 litres (10 to 12USgal) per day. Due to different mating behavior, jacks are often more willing to cover mares than stallions are to breed jennies. [87] There also are several four-beat 'ambling' gaits that are approximately the speed of a trot or pace, though smoother to ride. Horses and humans interact in a wide variety of sport competitions and non-competitive recreational pursuits as well as in working activities such as police work, agriculture, entertainment, and therapy. These three signs are said to have a calm nature and somewhat reasonable approach; they seek aesthetic beauty and are artistic, well-mannered and compassionate, yet detached and resigned to their condition. Horses are quieter than motorized vehicles. Horses generally will not eat poisonous plants, however, there are exceptions; horses will occasionally eat toxic amounts of poisonous plants even when there is adequate healthy food. Registrations Online are Now Closed but you still can register ONSITE. racing over jumps; and harness racing, where horses trot or pace while pulling a driver in a small, light cart known as a sulky. [9], Regardless of a horse or pony's actual birth date, for most competition purposes a year is added to its age each January1 of each year in the Northern Hemisphere[7][10] and each August1 in the Southern Hemisphere. [11] The exception is in endurance riding, where the minimum age to compete is based on the animal's actual calendar age.[12]. Like other inter-species hybrids, mules and hinnies are usually sterile. The only horses properly called white are born with a predominantly white hair coat and pink skin, a fairly rare occurrence. News Now clips, interviews, movie premiers, exclusives, and more! WebExpedia's Hotel Search makes booking easy. [123] The extra toe on the front feet soon disappeared with the Mesohippus, which lived 32 to 37million years ago. Within the Four Pillars of Destiny, the year column purports to provide information about one's ancestor or early age, and the month column about one's parents or growing age. than ever, and we, as its scientific community will be on top and ahead of them. Donkey hooves are more elastic than those of horses, and do not naturally wear down as fast. The first system is in the nostrils and nasal cavity, which analyze a wide range of odors. The Jade Emperor was astonished by the Dragon's good nature, and it was named as the fifth animal. [53] Foals are generally weaned from their mothers between four and six months of age. Many breeds have unique characteristics that can contribute to meeting challenges related to climate change. [78] In Australia, where there may be 5 million feral donkeys,[26] they are regarded as an invasive pest and have a serious impact on the environment. Total sleep time in a 24-hour period may range from several minutes to a couple of hours,[116] mostly in short intervals of about 15minutes each. Donkeys have a notorious reputation for stubbornness, but this has been attributed to a much stronger sense of self-preservation than exhibited by horses. After human labour, the donkey is the cheapest form of agricultural power. [26] The variation in the genetic material shows that very few wild stallions contributed to the domestic horse,[159][160] while many mares were part of early domesticated herds. All these activities make the EAAP one of the largest animal science congresses in the world. The animals are also grouped in triadsthree animals are combined under one of 12 zodiac signs. Hall, Marvin H. and Patricia M. Comerford. Evelyn T. Todd, Laure Tonasso-Calvire, Lorele Chauvey, Stphanie Schiavinato, Antoine Fages, Andaine Seguin-Orlando, Pierre Clavel. [152][153][154] By 3000 BCE, the horse was completely domesticated and by 2000 BCE there was a sharp increase in the number of horse bones found in human settlements in northwestern Europe, indicating the spread of domesticated horses throughout the continent. Porto is the place to be in 2022! Similarly the Malay zodiac is identical to the Chinese but replaces the Rabbit with the mousedeer (pelanduk) and the Pig with the tortoise (kura or kura-kura). The second trine consists of the Ox, Snake, and Rooster. For that, it almost did not make it to the finish line. [242] If horses are kept inside in a barn, they require regular daily exercise for their physical health and mental well-being. Most light horse riding breeds were developed for speed, agility, alertness and endurance; natural qualities that extend from their wild ancestors. WebGet the latest pets news and features from PEOPLE.com, including breaking news about celebrity pets and animals around the world. Similarly, the hock contains bones equivalent to those in the human ankle and heel. Grunge notes UMaine Extension information about guinea fowl and ticks Pest Management Unit, and Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory. [95] Horses are animals of habit that respond well to regimentation, and respond best when the same routines and techniques are used consistently. Horse-donkey hybrids are almost always sterile because of a failure of their developing gametes to complete meiosis. The Four Pillars or columns chart is called such as the Chinese writing causes it to fall into columns. Products collected from living horses include mare's milk, used by people with large horse herds, such as the Mongols, who let it ferment to produce kumis. The third trine consists of the Tiger, Horse, and Dog. [110] Another hypothesis held that the four prototypes originated from a single wild species and that all different body types were entirely a result of selective breeding after domestication. technical tours and an exquisite accompanying persons program. [155] The most recent, but most irrefutable evidence of domestication comes from sites where horse remains were interred with chariots in graves of the Sintashta and Petrovka cultures c. 2100 BCE. for the 71st Annual Meeting of EAAP. Each adult donkey establishes a home range; breeding over a large area may be dominated by one jack. [6], Although jennies come into heat within 9 or 10 days of giving birth, their fertility remains low, and it is likely the reproductive tract has not returned to normal. The first archaeological evidence of horses used in warfare dates to between 4000 and 3000 BCE,[204] and the use of horses in warfare was widespread by the end of the Bronze Age. The bill would prohibit the slaughter of horses for human consumption in the United States and ban their export abroad for that purposebut we need your help to ensure Congress passes this important legislation. Again unlike the cycle of the lunar years, which begins with the Rat, the agricultural calendar begins with the Tiger as it is the first animal of spring. [1]:6 Working donkeys in the poorest countries have a life expectancy of 12 to 15 years;[39] in more prosperous countries, they may have a lifespan of 30 to 50 years.[6]. Text STOP to opt-out, HELP for more info. "Equine-assisted" or "equine-facilitated" therapy is a form of experiential psychotherapy that uses horses as companion animals to assist people with mental illness, including anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, mood disorders, behavioral difficulties, and those who are going through major life changes. There are more than 300breeds of horse in the world today, developed for many different uses. It was named as the first animal of the zodiac calendar. The critical importance of the feet and legs is summed up by the traditional adage, "no foot, no horse". [44], Many genes that create horse coat colors and patterns have been identified. Hypotheses on its derivation include the following: From the 18th century, donkey gradually replaced ass and jenny replaced she-ass, which is now considered archaic. The ESQM program monitors egg quality at production, wholesale, and retail levels. [45], Horses that have a white coat color are often mislabeled; a horse that looks "white" is usually a middle-aged or older gray. Donkeys are adapted to marginal desert lands. [189], Historically, equestrians honed their skills through games and races. A cross between a captive male Syrian wild ass and a female domesticated donkey (jenny), they represent the earliest known example of human-directed animal hybridization. Horses are adapted to run, allowing them to quickly escape predators, and possess an excellent sense of balance and a strong fight-or-flight response. Law enforcement officers such as park rangers or game wardens may use horses for patrols, and horses or mules may also be used for clearing trails or other work in areas of rough terrain where vehicles are less effective. For this honor, Lady Chatterley was awarded the Frolicsome Trophy, $1,000, a memorial stall plaque, and a Bates saddle. [80] Horses are able to sense contact as subtle as an insect landing anywhere on the body. As a community, we will have to make up for the lost opportunity to be face to face networking this year. These burials show the importance of donkeys to the early Egyptian state and its ruler. Twelve Chinese zodiac jade figurines. The third one to come, was the Tiger. In other words, that element is believed to impart some of its characteristics to the sign concerned. The Mountain Fusiliers each had a donkey to carry their gear, and in extreme circumstances the animal could be eaten. Examples include show jumping, dressage, three-day eventing, competitive driving, endurance riding, gymkhana, rodeos, and fox hunting. 3355/S. Breed registries for horses that typically produce individuals both under and over 14.2hands (58inches, 147cm) consider all animals of that breed to be horses regardless of their height. All the new Spider-Man comics and collections from Marvel arriving in 2022 and 2023. [221], Horses also provide psychological benefits to people whether they actually ride or not. The Chinese zodiac is represented by twelve animals, whereas some of the signs in the Western zodiac are not animals, despite the implication of the etymology of the English word zodiac, which derives from zdiacus, the Latinized form of the Ancient Greek zdiaks kklos ( ), meaning "cycle of animals". There are estimated to be 9,500,000 horses in the United States alone. Check out the latest breaking news videos and viral videos covering showbiz, sport, fashion, technology, and more from the Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday. Applicants from the industry must be registered egg handlers or representatives of registered egg handlers in the state of California. [83], Gallop 4048km/h (2530mph), record: 70.76km/h (43.97mph), All horses move naturally with four basic gaits:[84], Besides these basic gaits, some horses perform a two-beat pace, instead of the trot. [157][158], Domestication is also studied by using the genetic material of present-day horses and comparing it with the genetic material present in the bones and teeth of horse remains found in archaeological and palaeological excavations. [205][206] Although mechanization has largely replaced the horse as a weapon of war, horses are still seen today in limited military uses, mostly for ceremonial purposes, or for reconnaissance and transport activities in areas of rough terrain where motorized vehicles are ineffective. Their vocalization, called a bray, is often represented in English as "hee haw". Some large donkey breeds such as the Asino di Martina Franca, the Baudet du Poitou and the Mammoth Jack are raised only for mule production. [31] Small size, by itself, is not an exclusive determinant. However, due to there being twelve animals and a ten-day week on the ancient Chinese calendar, it is not easy to find one's day element or animal. Exposure to horses appears to improve the behavior of inmates and help reduce recidivism when they leave.[223]. [54] Some cultures that prohibit women from working with oxen in agriculture do not extend this taboo to donkeys. These plates convert after the other parts of the bones, and are crucial to development. Show your support for ag education. Birgitta Kimura, Fiona B. Marshall, Shanyuan Chen, Snia Rosenbom, Patricia D. Moehlman, Noreen Tuross, Richard C. Sabin, Joris Peters, Barbara Barich, Hagos Yohannes, Fanuel Kebede, Redae Teclai, Albano Beja-Pereira, Connie J. Mulligan (2011). WebCalifornia Animal Response Emergency System (CARES) The California Animal Response Emergency System (CARES) is the state-level framework for supporting animals in disasters, integrating all levels of government and non-governmental entities in a mutual aid system for preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation for animals in disaster events. [6] Working donkeys may need to be shod. IOC Session 20 May 2022. It also shows that certain adaptations were strongly selected due to riding, and that equestrian material culture, including Sintashta spoke-wheeled chariots spread with the horse itself. WebNovember 15, 2022: Griffin Dill on WMTW Channel 8 (Twitter) News. In Chinese astrology the animal signs assigned by year represent how others perceive one or how one presents oneself. As the Ox was about to reach the other side of the river, the Rat pushed the Cat into the water, and then jumped off the Ox and rushed to the Jade Emperor. To get there, the animals would have to cross a river . Home; precision livestock farming, insect production and use, cattle, horse, pig, sheep and goat production. 1988 . Originating from China, the zodiac and its variations remain popular in many East Asian and Southeast Asian countries, such as Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, Cambodia, Singapore, Sport hunting from horseback evolved from earlier practical hunting techniques. ", "Chinese Zodiac Animal Signs Compatibility", "The 12 Animals of the Chinese Zodiac ", "Chinese Zodiac:Legend and Characteristics", "The Khmer Calendar | Cambodian Religion, Festivals and Zodiac Astrology", " ", "The traditional Kazakh calendar", "Chinese Lunar Calendar Stamps from Kyrgyzstan", The Year of the Rooster, On Eating, Injecting, Imbibing & Speaking, 2016: The Golden Monkey, A Year to Remember, From the Year of the Ape to the Year of the Monkey, ChinaJapanSouth Korea trilateral summit, Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia, ChinaJapanKorea Friendship Athletic Meeting, Association of East Asian Research Universities, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chinese_zodiac&oldid=1126614176, Articles with Russian-language sources (ru), Articles needing additional references from January 2022, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles needing additional references from May 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Rats are most active in seeking food. Zebra hinny, zebret and zebrinny all refer to the cross of a female zebra with a male donkey. The Cham zodiac uses the same order as the Chinese zodiac, but replaces the Monkey with the turtle (known locally as kra). About 41 million donkeys were reported worldwide in 2006. They may compete with livestock and native animals for resources, spread weeds and diseases, foul or damage watering holes and cause erosion. They also have proportionally shorter legs, wider barrels, heavier bone, shorter and thicker necks, and short heads with broad foreheads. In the past, this order contained 14families, but only threeEquidae (the horse and related species), Tapiridae (the tapir), and Rhinocerotidae (the rhinoceroses)have survived to the present day.[122]. [16] They do best when allowed to consume small amounts of food over long periods. [15] The change may have come about through a tendency to avoid pejorative terms in speech and may be comparable to the substitution in North American English of rooster for cock, or that of rabbit for coney, which was formerly homophonic with cunny (a variation of the word cunt). To reward the animals who came to him, he named a year after each of them. The exterior hoof wall and horn of the sole is made of keratin, the same material as a human fingernail. [201][202] Logging with horses can result in reduced damage to soil structure and less damage to trees due to more selective logging. Concerns for donkeys' well-being, however, have resulted in a number of African countries (including Uganda, Tanzania, Botswana, Niger, Burkina Faso, Mali, and Senegal) banning China from buying their donkey products. The height of horses is measured at the highest point of the withers, where the neck meets the back. [114] Examples include breeds such as the Irish Draught or the Cleveland Bay. [47] Different and unrelated genetic factors can produce white coat colors in horses, including several different alleles of dominant white and the sabino-1 gene. Ejiao, the gelatine produced by boiling donkey skins, can sell for up to $388 per kilo, at October 2017 prices. The worldslivestock diversity remains at risk. [80], A male donkey (jack) crossed with a female horse produces a mule, while a male horse crossed with a jenny produces a hinny. Horses are used for leisure activities, sports, and working purposes. Periodically, populations of horses in isolated areas are speculated to be relict populations of wild horses, but generally have been proven to be feral or domestic. [198] Horses can also be used in areas where it is necessary to avoid vehicular disruption to delicate soil, such as nature reserves. [30] Approximately 3.5 million donkeys and mules are slaughtered each year for meat worldwide. [145][147], Besides the horse, there are six other species of genus Equus in the Equidae family. [51], Although formal studies of their behaviour and cognition are rather limited, donkeys appear to be quite intelligent, cautious, friendly, playful, and eager to learn. [74] In temperate climates the forage available is often too abundant and too rich; over-feeding may cause weight gain and obesity, and lead to metabolic disorders such as founder (laminitis[75]) and hyperlipaemia,[73] or to gastric ulcers. Randwick will play host to a ten event meeting on Saturday for Silver Eagle Day. There are 24teeth adapted for chewing, the premolars and molars, at the back of the mouth. The horse (Equus ferus caballus)[2][3] is a domesticated, one-toed, hoofed mammal. 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Properly called white are born with a male donkey the fourth trine of... Or pasture 1 January as per the Gregorian calendar convey royalty and other VIPs to and a! Neck meets the back 54 ] some researchers believe the actual number may be higher! Areas are around 8800 livestock breeds of horses are trained to be the most important one in determining circumstances... Of nutrients is good-quality forage from hay or pasture Equus livenzovensis documented from Europe. Survived in zoos around the world, Bencao Gangmu: Compendium of Materia Medica, tr nation... Horse maintain good health of the tiger. [ 6 ] donkeys can also breed zebras... Until this practice is banned and Congress passes a law against slaughter here the... Activities, sports, and a `` light horse riding breeds were for! And six months of age as the United Kingdom still use horse-drawn carriages to convey royalty other... 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For speed, agility, alertness and endurance ; natural qualities that extend from their mothers between four and months... Provide domesticated horses begin training under a saddle or in a wall mosaic nation of the mouth,., most hybrids are almost always sterile because of a mare occurs roughly every 1922 and... East, west ). [ 151 ] of donkeys to the sign concerned at,! Out of a failure of their foals, and the Rabbit arrived provide domesticated horses with food,,... The cat is ultimately not part of the jenny may also lead to early embryonic loss as well attention...

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