[0] => Array [id] => 179 Other major CoE bodies include the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines (EDQM) and the European Audiovisual Observatory. [name] => Drug policies [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/381-an-overview [children] => Array Kanstantsin Dzehtsiarou & Donal K. Coffey, Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines, Convention on the Prevention of Terrorism, Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings, Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine, The European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice (CEPEJ), European Committee for the Prevention of Torture, European Commission against Racism and Intolerance, Convention for the protection of individuals with regard to automatic processing of personal data, Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse, Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence, European Charter of Local Self-Government, European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, European Convention on Transfrontier Television, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Permanent Representatives and Ambassadors, INGOs Conference of the Council of Europe, seat of the European Parliament in Strasbourg, Russia launched a full-scale military invasion of Ukraine, Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, Council of EuropeEuropean Union relations, European Convention on the Recognition of the Legal Personality of International Non-Governmental Organisations, Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, List of linguistic rights in European constitutions, "BBC News - Profile: The Council of Europe", "Lumni | Enseignement - Discours d'Aristide Briand devant la SDN du 7 septembre 1929", "Post-War Councils on World Problems: A FOUR YEAR PLAN FOR ENGLAND by WINSTON CHURCHILL, Prime Minister of Great Britain, broadcast from London over BBC, March 21, 1943", "Winston Churchill and the Council of Europe", "Speeches made to the Parliamentary Assembly (19492018)", "European Commission: PaulHenri Spaak: a European visionary and talented persuader", "Accession of Germany to the Council of Europe (Strasbourg, 2 May 1951) - CVCE Website", "Speeches made to the Parliamentary Assembly (by Country)", "All speeches by heads of state and government to PACE since 1949 online", "Discours prononcs devant l'Assemble parlementaire (19492018) - par pays", "The Council of Europe and the European Union", "Details of Treaty No.198: Council of Europe Convention on Laundering, Search, Seizure and Confiscation of the Proceeds from Crime and on the Financing of Terrorism", "Details of Treaty No.174: Civil Law Convention on Corruption", "Microsoft Word - Convention 197 Trafficking E.doc", "Details of Treaty No.210: Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence", "Details of Treaty No.135: Anti-Doping Convention", "Jagland re-elected head of Council of Europe", "Full list (Chart of signatures and ratifications of Treaty 194)", "Biography - Commissioner for Human Rights", "A word from the President on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the Conference of INGOs of the Council of Europe", "Statute of the Council of Europe, London, 5.V.1949", "Council of Europe law: Towards a pan-European legal area", "Statute of the Council of Europe is signed in London", "13 July 1950: Federal Republic of Germany joins the Council of Europe", "Council of Europe Raises Bonn To the Status of a Full Member", "Franco's Spain and the Council of Europe", Centre virtuel de la connaissance sur l'Europe, Suspension and expulsion of members of the Council of Europe: difficult decisions in troubled times, The party politics of Euroscepticism in times of crisis: The case of Greece, Council of Europe Restores Russia's Voting Rights, Russia cancels payment to Council of Europe after claiming its delegates are being persecuted over Crimea, "Russia withholds payments to the Council of Europe", "Russia tests Council of Europe in push to regain vote", "A Classic Dilemma: Russia's Threat to Withdraw from the Council of Europe", "Council of Europe restores Russia's voting rights". Dr. Pasarlay discussed the Taliban's constitutional vision and address what type of a constitution "Updated October 2018." [name] => Elections [children] => Array [desc] => [1] => Array (Press Release, Amnesty International, Brighton Declaration: States Must Be Serious About European Court's Judgments Instead of Tampering with Its Independence(Apr. West Germany became a full member in 1951, and the Saar withdrew its application after it joined West Germany following the 1955 Saar Statute referendum. ( ( [children] => Array ) ( [children] => Array [children] => Array ) [children] => Array The Council of Europe, sidelined, reportedly was "perplexed" with this development, with a spokesperson stating "In the field of human rights, democracy and the rule of law, such a pan-European community already exists: it is the Council of Europe. [94] Both Human Rights Watch and the European Stability Initiative have called on the Council of Europe to undertake concrete actions to show that it is willing and able to return to its "original mission to protect and ensure human rights".[95]. [id] => 233 ) [desc] => [50] In 1994, the PACE adopted Recommendation 1247, which said that admission to the CoE should be "in principle open only to states whose national territory lies wholly or partly in Europe"; later, however, the Assembly extended eligibility to apply and be admitted to Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. (High Level Conference on the Future of the European Court of Human Rights: Brighton Declaration[hereinafter Conference], Council of Europe website (last visited May 2, 2012). The first agreement establishing the European Economic Community was signed in 1957 by six countries: Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. Denmark, Ireland, and the United Kingdom joined in 1973, Greece in 1981, Spain and Portugal in 1986. In subsequent years many other countries joined the Union. The European Convention on Human Rights differs from other treaties. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/219-national-minorities [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ) [4] => Array Individual measures General measures. ( [name] => World Forum for Democracy ( ) It has organised the regional UN conferences against racism and on women and co-operates with the United Nations at many levels, in particular in the areas of human rights, minorities, migration and counter-terrorism. [name] => Society [74] After being excluded from the Council of Europe, Russia's former president and prime minister Dmitry Medvedev endorsed restoring the death penalty in Russia.[75][76]. Study programmes are tours tailored to the needs and interests of the groups (teachers, lawyers, university students, etc.). ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/170-human-rights ) [name] => Fundamental freedoms ) [name] => Annual activity report [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/247-conferences-on-the-future-of-the-european-court-of-human-rights [name] => Human rights, democratic citizenship and interculturalism [5] => Array ( [name] => European Court of Human Rights [65][70] Opponents of lifting the suspension included Ukraine and other post-Soviet countries, such as Poland and the Baltic states, who argued that readmission amounted to normalizing Russia's malign activity. [4] => Array Guided tours are designed mainly for visitors wanting more general information on the Council of Europe. ) Ahmad, Tariq. [id] => 243 [23] The Convention created the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg. [name] => European Convention on Human Rights [0] => Array But it was Britain's wartime leader Sir Winston Churchill who first publicly suggested the creation of a "Council of Europe" in a BBC radio broadcast on 21 March 1943, while the Second World War was still ra [2] => Array Behind the scenes, he too had been quietly working towards the creation of the council, and played a key role in steering its early work. [5] => Array ( ) However, on the same day, the council's Committee of Ministers decided Russia's membership in the council would be immediately terminated, and determined that Russia had been excluded from the Council instead under its exclusion mechanism rather than the withdrawal mechanism. [14] => Array [id] => 246 ( ), The High Level Conference on the Future of the ECtHR was organized by the UK government as part of its chairmanship of the Council of Europe's Committee of Ministers. ) The brochure includes the list of 47 member states and their capitals. [desc] => [id] => 379 [7] => Array There are four Programme Offices, namely in Ankara, Podgorica, Skopje, Venice. ) [children] => Array On 17 October 1989, the General Assembly of the United Nations approved a resolution on granting observer status to the Council of Europe which was proposed by several member states of the CoE. In October 2022, a new and different Pan-European meeting of 44 states was held, as the "inaugural summit of the European Political Community", a new forum largely organized by French President Emmanuel Macron. ( Article 1(a) of the Statute states that "The aim of the Council of Europe is to achieve a greater unity between its members for the purpose of safeguarding and realising the ideals and principles which are their common heritage and facilitating their economic and social progress. ( However, these organizations criticized the lack of effort to deal with some of the ECtHR's more pressing problems, including stemming its growing caseload and improving state compliance with Court judgments. ) (The Statute does not define the "serious violation" phrase. ( These differentiating features; the clarity of the materials in the text is that they are precise, detailed, directly applicable rules. [desc] => ( ) [desc] => [name] => Environment [id] => 384 [id] => 212 ) [name] => Council of Europe Development Bank ) [id] => 175 The Council of Europe was formed by the establishment of the Council of Europe Committee of Ministers and the parliamentary wing representing the governments in 1948, together with the establishment of the Consultative Council of European Prosecutors at that time. [2] => Array ( [id] => 210 [id] => 222 Some regarded it as a guarantee that the horrors of war could never again be visited on the continent, others came to see it as a "club of democracies", built around a set of common values that could stand as a bulwark against totalitarian states belonging to the Eastern Bloc. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/378-the-council-of-europe-in-brief The European Convention (Aug. 5, 2013) On July 28, 2013, Peshawar High Court (PHC) Chief Justice Dost Mohammad Khan inaugurated the establishment of mobile courts in the northern Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) to (Apr. ( [desc] => 2012. hZn7}yK$(d7AE`/Hu:@{(QvKAC:N S&Lt1KhtdXEknbcmaI;!%Ii(P [name] => Congress of Local and Regional Authorities Therefore, the constitution of human rights is not the other conventions, but the European Convention on Human Rights. Global Legal Research Directorate. ) Both organisations function as concentric circles around the common foundations for European co-operation and harmony, with the Council of Europe being the geographically wider circle. [id] => 211 ) ( ) [name] => LGBT [desc] => This program offers information and advice for local authorities on the integration of minorities and the prevention of discrimination. ( ditions du Conseil de l'Europe, Avenue de l'Europe F-67075 Strasbourg Cedex, France - Tel. [63] Under Article 8 of the Statute, if a member state fails to withdraw upon request, the Committee may terminate its membership, in consultation with the PACE. European Court of Human Rights judgments in cases of human rights violations have led to the improvement of peoples lives across Council of Europe member states. )bp{ V)+D]+xNsXa( [children] => Array [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/208-culture-heritage-nature [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/182-elections Designed to interest young people in the protection of the Council of Europe's core values, [84] Currently, the Council of Europe holds observer status with the United Nations and is regularly represented in the UN General Assembly. The Council of Europe is a different organization from the EU Council of Ministers. [name] => Online resources ( [id] => 191 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/172-european-convention-on-human-rights ) ) ( ( [50] The Council now has 46 member states, with Montenegro (2007) being the latest to join. [id] => 220 [desc] => International law treats human rights in a general way through the United Nations treaty. ( [desc] => ( ( The Commissioner for Human Rights is an independent institution within the Council of Europe, whose task is to promote respect for human rights in the member states. The Joint Council on Youth of the Council of Europe. These arrangements are the Universal Convention on Personal and Political Rights and the Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. [desc] => [1] => Array ) 19, 2012),Council of Europe website. [children] => Array ( ) ) 712 0 obj
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One of the council's first acts was to welcome West Germany into its fold on 2 May 1951,[16] setting a pattern of post-war reconciliation that was to become a hallmark of the council, and beginning a long process of "enlargement" which was to see the organisation grow from its original ten founding member states to the 47 nations that make up the Council of Europe today. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/206-medicines ) [children] => Array ) English and French are its two official languages. [44] The Palais de l'Europe (Palace of Europe) and the Art Nouveau Villa Schutzenberger (seat of the European Audiovisual Observatory) are in the Orangerie district, and the European Court of Human Rights, the EDQM and the Agora Building are in the Robertsau district. ) ( [id] => 203 [desc] => [children] => Array ) ( The Czech Presidency of the Council of the European Union announced member states reached a common position on the draft Artificial Intelligence Act. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/391-violence-in-sport European countries that are not part of the European Union include Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Albania, Switzerland, Turkey, Russia, Macedonia and Montenegro. Of these, two countries, Russia and Turkey, straddle Europe and Asia. Although Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein are not members of the EU, they have agreements with the EU that allow [desc] => [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/205-drug-policies [desc] => ( [desc] => ) 14 of the convention is designed to allow the EU to accede to it and the EU Treaty of Lisbon contains a protocol binding the EU to join. ), International human rights organizations also had mixed reactions to the results at Brighton. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/386-resources-for-young-people ) [name] => Terrorism [id] => 404 [46], The Council of Europe has external offices all over the European continent and beyond. ( It rules on individual or state applications alleging violations of the rights set out in the European Convention on Human Rights. ) The suspension blocked Russia from participation in the council's ministerial council, the PACE, and the Council of the Baltic Sea States, but still left Russia obligated to follow the ECHR. Some very early speeches by individuals considered to be "founding figures" of the European institutions, even if they were not heads of state or government at the time, are also included (such as Sir Winston Churchill or Robert Schuman). [desc] => [id] => 244 [name] => Youth in Europe [0] => Array [62] Currently, Canada, the Holy See, Japan, Mexico, and the United States are observer states, while Israel is an observer to the PACE. ) The group includes more than 50 experts. Its members include political economist Francis Fukuyama, historian Timothy Ash, russian economists, Ukrainian experts and officials. The plan developed by them consists of ten main points. These include energy exports, international trade, business and compliance with sanctions. However, in December 1951, after nearly three years in the role, Spaak resigned in disappointment after the Assembly rejected proposals for a "European political authority". ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/244-european-court-of-human-rights Information Offices of the Council of Europe in many member states. The Council of Europe was signed into existence on 5 May 1949 by the Treaty of London, the organisation's founding Statute which set out the three basic values that should guide its work: democracy, human rights and the rule of law. ) [name] => 6 - 10 years [children] => Array ( ) [name] => People with disabilities The future structure of the Council of Europe was discussed at the Congress of Europe which brought together several hundred leading politicians, government representatives and members of civil society in The Hague, Netherlands, in 1948. ) The deal which included cooperation between member states in the sport of football and safety and security at football matches was finalized in October 2018. Moreover, language that reaffirmed the states' commitment to fully implement the Convention on the domestic level was welcomed. [90][91], The Council of Europe has been accused of not having any meaningful purpose, being superfluous in its aims to other pan-European bodies, including the European Union and OSCE. ) [desc] => [5] => Array On 10 August 1949, 100 members of the council's Consultative Assembly, parliamentarians drawn from the twelve member nations, met in Strasbourg for its first plenary session, held over 18 sittings and lasting nearly a month. [id] => 214 ( This webinar explored the ramifications of the Taliban's return to power for the Afghan constitutional and legal systems. [name] => Teaching History ( ) After Azerbaijan joined the CoE in 2001, both the Council and its Parliamentary Assembly were criticized for having a weak response to election rigging and human rights violations in Azerbaijan. The European Court of Human Rights The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) is an international court ) Includes bibliographical references. [50] After the fall of Communism with the Revolutions of 1989 and the collapse of the Soviet Union, the post-Soviet states in Europe that began democratization joined: Hungary (1990), Poland (1991), Bulgaria (1992), Estonia (1993), Lithuania (1993), Slovenia (1993), the Czech Republic (1993), Slovakia (1993), Romania (1993), Latvia (1995), Moldova (1995), Albania (1995), Ukraine (1995), the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (1995) (later renamed North Macedonia), Russia (1996, expelled 2022), Croatia (1996), Georgia (1999), Armenia (2001), Azerbaijan (2001), Bosnia and Herzegovina (2002) and Serbia and Montenegro (later Serbia) (2003). Additionally, there are 4 "Council of Europe Liaison Offices", this includes: There are two main criteria for membership: geographic (Article 4 of the Council of Europe Statute specifies that membership is open to any "European" State) and political (Article 3 of the Statute states applying for membership must accept democratic values"Every member of the Council of Europe must accept the principles of the rule of law and the enjoyment by all persons within its jurisdiction of human rights and fundamental freedoms, and collaborate sincerely and effectively in the realisation of the aim of the Council as specified in Chapter I"). [id] => 383 The European Wergeland Centre, a new Resource Centre on education for intercultural dialogue, human rights and democratic citizenship, operated in cooperation with the Norwegian Government, opened in Oslo, Norway, in February 2009. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/190-gender-equality [desc] => [id] => 199 ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/214-culture-and-democracy The Council of Europe has produced over 200 treaties and conventions in many fields of activity. [4] => Array ) [desc] => ) ( [desc] => [2] => Array [children] => Array [1] => Array [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/398-teacher-education ( ) [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/242-parliamentary-assembly The Councils work areas are human rights, media, legal cooperation, social solidarity, health, education, culture, sports, youth, local democracies, cross-border cooperation, environmental and regional planning. ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/234-organised-crime ( [id] => 364 [desc] => ) ) But there were many other statesmen and politicians across the continent, many of them members of the European Movement, who were quietly working towards the creation of the council. [id] => 386 [children] => Array [children] => Array [desc] => The Council of Europe works mainly through international treaties, usually called conventions in its system. The beginning of co-operation between the CoE and the UN started with the agreement signed by the Secretariats of these institutions on 15 December 1951. ( [4] => Array ) ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/199-internet [name] => Law Cooperation between the European Union and the Council of Europe has recently been reinforced, notably on culture and education as well as on the international enforcement of justice and Human Rights. [id] => 181 [2] => Array ( [2] => Array ( ) [name] => Language learning [desc] => [name] => Local democracy ( Founded in 1949 by the Treaty of London and based in Strasbourg, France, the Council of Europe is the continents leading human rights organisation. [50] "Special guest" status was used as a transitional status for post-Soviet countries that wished to join the council after the fall of the Berlin Wall, and is no longer commonly used. The Council of Europe was the first European organisation to be founded after the end of the Second World War. 15(a)); 3) amendment of the admissibility criteria (id. [name] => Conference of INGOs Whereas the member states of the European Union transfer part of their national legislative and executive powers to the European Commission and the European Parliament, Council of Europe member states maintain their sovereignty but commit themselves through conventions/treaties (international law) and co-operate on the basis of common values and common political decisions. Ahmad, T. (2012) Council of Europe; European Court of Human Rights: 47 Member States Adopt the Brighton Declaration. [id] => 202 [desc] => [5] => Array [58][59] Joining later were Austria (1956), Cyprus (1961), Switzerland (1963), Malta (1965), and Portugal (1976). [13] Convinced that the Council of Europe was never going to be in a position to achieve his long-term goal of a unified Europe,[14] he soon tried again in a new and more promising format, based this time on economic integration, becoming one of the founders of the European Union.[15]. ( ) ( ( ( [id] => 221 This treaty does not include an explanation of what these rights are, although they speak of human rights a lot. The headquarters of the Council of Europe, as well as its Court of Human Rights, are situated in Strasbourg, France. [children] => Array ) European Court of Human Rights: Members of Council of Europe Agree to Proceed in Further Reform European Court of Human Rights: Fiftieth Anniversary, Pakistan: Province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Establishes Mobile Courts, International Criminal Court: Prosecutor Declares It Lacks Jurisdiction to Determine Whether Palestine Is a State. [children] => Array The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) was historically the first European Parliamentary Assembly. [68] Russia had threatened to withdraw from the Council unless its voting rights were restored in time for the election of a new secretary general. [id] => 194 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/393-human-rights-democratic-citizenship-and-interculturalism President of the Republic @EmmanuelMacron/ @emmanuelmacron Germany Olaf Scholz Federal Chancellor @olafscholz @bundeskanzler Greece Kyriakos Mitsotakis Prime Minister European states: Kosovo, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Russia and the observer Vatican City. ( Council of Europe / Council of Europe Members / Council of Europe Map. [id] => 235 ) [id] => 392 [id] => 218 ( ) ( ) Council of Europe Map, Map of Council of Europe On May 5, 1949, 10 countries Belgium, the United Kingdom, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, Ireland, Sweden, Italy, Luxembourg, and Given that Europe had been at the origin of two world wars, the creation of such a body would be, he suggested, "a stupendous business". ) ) ( Those conventions and decisions are developed by the member states working together at the Council of Europe. These works are also available for worldwide use and reuse under CC0 1.0 Universal. [0] => Array ) [71][72][73] On 15 March 2022, hours before the vote to expel the country, Russia initiated a voluntary withdrawal procedure from the council, delivering its formal desire to withdraw on 31 December 2022, and announced its intent to denounce the ECHR. ) In 2014, after Russia invaded and annexed Crimea from Ukraine and supported separatists in eastern Ukraine, precipitating a bloody conflict, the Council stripped Russia of its voting rights in the PACE. [3] => Array ) [desc] => ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/397-cultural-heritage ( ) gPEEj@ [children] => Array The Council of Europe suspends Russia for its attack on Ukraine. The various activities and achievements of the Council of Europe can be found in detail on its official website. ( [name] => Map of the member states [children] => Array [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/410-artificial-intelligence [desc] => The Conference was held in the context of increasing tension between the UK and the European court over recent judgments of the court, including in particular its decision in a prisoner voting rights case and its decision against the deportation of alleged terrorist Abu Qatada from the UK. [id] => 226 The Secretary General presides over the secretariat of the organisation. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/207-health-care [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/187-children-s-rights [desc] => [97] Volont was investigated by Italian police and accused by Italian prosecutors in 2017 of receiving over 2.39 million euros in bribes in exchange for working for Azerbaijan in the parliamentary assembly, and that in 2013 he played a key role in orchestrating the defeat of a highly critical report on the abuse of political prisoners in Azerbaijan. ( ) Therefore, the Human Rights Commission was established under the Economic and Social Council. ( ) [desc] => [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/390-doping ( [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/215-the-council-of-europe-and-the-european-union ( [children] => Array [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/176-death-penalty Transcontinental country straddling both Europe and Asia. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/181-world-forum-for-democracy [name] => European Cultural Convention ) By drafting conventions or international treaties, common legal standards are set for its member states. [2] => Array 20, 2012). Belgium, the United Kingdom, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, Ireland, Sweden, Italy, Luxembourg, and Norway. With the participation of national and international experts, they run annual series of seminars and conferences on topics such as European integration, democracy, human rights, the rule of law and globalisation. [desc] => [name] => Organised crime ) Inclusion Europe works with the Council of Europe to promote the rights of people with intellectual disabilities All visits are free of charge and must be booked in advance at:
From the 1950s to the 1980s these original members were joined by 13 others Austria, Cyprus, Finland, West Germany, Greece, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Malta, Portugal, San Virtual exhibition on the Convention, Congress of Local and Regional Authorities, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Selection of books on human rights education, Selection of free resources on human rights education, Disclaimer - Council of Europe 2022 - Photo credit. ( The Court supervises compliance with the European Convention on Human Rights and thus functions as the highest European court. ( [60] Next to join were Liechtenstein (1978), San Marino (1988) and Finland (1989). [3] => Array ( ) [id] => 215 ( [6] => Array [children] => Array [name] => Living Together - Diversity and Freedom in Europe The Council of Europe is the continent's leading human rights organisation. ) ) Bucharest has a Council of Europe Office on Cybercrime. ( [8] But it was Britain's wartime leader Sir Winston Churchill who first publicly suggested the creation of a "Council of Europe" in a BBC radio broadcast on 21 March 1943,[9] while the Second World War was still raging. [name] => Minority rights [1] => Array [id] => 2 [desc] => [desc] => [0] => Array [id] => 216 [id] => 204 [name] => Health care ( [id] => 180 [name] => Racism ) [97] The Human Rights Watch criticized the Council of Europe in 2014 for allowing Azerbaijan to assume the six-month rotating chairmanship of the council's Committee of Ministers, writing that the Azeri government's repression of human rights defenders, dissidents, and journalists "shows sheer contempt for its commitments to the Council of Europe". It comprises the foreign affairs ministers of all the member states, or their permanent diplomatic representatives in Strasbourg. There were two competing schools of thought: some favoured a classical international organisation with representatives of governments, while others preferred a political forum with parliamentarians. ) [50] Spain joined in 1977, two years after the death of its dictator Francisco Franco and the Spanish transition to democracy. [name] => Trafficking in human beings ( The Congress comprises 648 elected representatives representing more than 200,000 European local and regional authorities. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/202-cybercrime ( ) [children] => Array [desc] => ) [1] => Array Turkey was admitted in 1950, although it is a transcontinental state that lies mostly in Asia, with a smaller portion in Europe. [1] => Array [name] => National minorities [desc] => [name] => Educational tools [desc] => ( [desc] => Article 11 of the European Convention on Human Rights protects the right to freedom of association, which is also a fundamental norm for NGOs. [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/364-map-of-the-member-states ) [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/238-terrorism [children] => Array (Mar. "[21] Membership is open to all European states who seek harmony, cooperation, good governance and human rights, accepting the principle of the rule of law and are able and willing to guarantee democracy, fundamental human rights and freedoms. [id] => 240 [name] => Civil society [id] => 177 ) The best-known body of the Council of Europe is the European Court of Human Rights, which functions on the basis of the European Convention on Human Rights. ) [name] => European prison reform [id] => 242 ( [86], The Council of Europe also signed an agreement with FIFA in which the two agreed to strengthen future cooperation in areas of common interests. (Helen Fenwick, An Appeasement Approach in the European Court of Human Rights?, UK Human Rights Blog, (Apr. ( [desc] => [desc] => ( ( Protocol No. [7] => Array ( [id] => 402 ( [children] => Array [id] => 393 [desc] => [desc] => [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/220-minority-languages 47 Member States 47 Member States Map showing Member States and the dates they joined the Council of Europe Iceland 07/03/1950 Finland 05/05/1989 Norway 05/05/1949 Russian In August 1949, Paul-Henri Spaak resigned as Belgium's foreign minister in order to be elected as the first president of the assembly. ) ) [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/394-language-learning [0] => Array ) ) [children] => Array ) [name] => Doping The Council of Europe Development Bank has its seat in Paris, the North-South Centre of the Council of Europe is established in Lisbon, Portugal, and the Centre for Modern Languages is in Graz, Austria. ( It was signed in London on that day by ten states: Belgium, Denmark, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom, though Turkey and Greece joined three months later. ) [id] => 224 [0] => Array [desc] => [id] => 223 Council of Europe, F-67075 STRASBOURG Cedex
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/193-society [3], The organisation is distinct from the European Union (EU), although it is sometimes confused with it, partly because the EU has adopted the original European flag, created for the Council of Europe in 1955,[4] as well as the European anthem. [id] => 187 [90], The wide private and public use of the European Flag is encouraged to symbolise a European dimension. ( [50] The United States became an observer state in 1995. [children] => Array [2] => Array ) Today, this is the European Court of Human Rights, whose rulings are binding on 47 European nations, the most far-reaching system of international justice anywhere in the world. [51] Greece and Turkey joined 3 months later. ( ) [8] => Array 15(d)); and. Retrieved from the Library of Congress,
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